Urea-treated rice straw is produced using a solution of 100 kg water and 5 kg urea of fertilizer grade. The urea is sprinkled or poured over a stack of air-dried straw, 100 kg and covered with plastic covers to prevent mavement of air for 10 days. The straw is then fed directly to ruminants.[1] More details can be searched from AJAS, Asia-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences.